Jordan's gradual institution of political and civil liberty has continued, but the slow pace of reform has led to increasing discontent. The first parliamentary elections under King Abdullah 2 were held in June 2003. A cabinet was appointed in October 2003 following the resignation of Prime Minister Ali Abu al-Ragheb. The first local elections since 1999 were held in July 2007. The parliamentary elections of November 2007 strengthened the position of tribal leaders and other pro-government candidates.